Advantages of Integrated Circuits:
The major advantages of integrated circuits over those made by interconnecting discrete components are as follows:
- Extremely small size – Thousands times smaller than discrete circuits. It is because of fabrication of various circuit elements in a single chip of semiconductor material.
- Very small weight owing to
miniaturised circuit. - Very low cost because of simultaneous production of hundreds of similar circuits on a small semiconductor wafer. Owing to mass production of an IC costs as much as an individual transistor.
- More reliable because of elimination of soldered joints and need for fewer interconnections.
- Lower power consumption because of their smaller size.
- Easy replacement as it is more economical to replace them than to repair them.
- Increased operating speed because of absence of parasitic capacitance effect.
- Close matching of components and temperature coefficients because of bulk production in batches.
- Improved functional performance as more complex circuits can be fabricated for achieving better characteristics.
Greater ability of operating at extreme temperatures.- Suitable for small signal operation because of no chance of stray electrical pickup as various components of an INC are located very close to each other on a silicon wafer.
- No component project above the chip surface in an INC as all the components are formed within the chip.
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