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| Figure 1- Car generator (Used with permission from © INSADCO Photography/Alamy.) |
The battery is charged by the car itself. In the engine, the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into mechanical energy (rotary motion) available at the crankshaft. This is delivered to the input of the alternator using a fan belt. The shaft of the alternator has a cylindrical structure and has electric conductors on its periphery attached to it. Thus, it forms the rotor of the car’s generator. The rotary movement at the input causes the rotor to move, and therefore, the conductors cut the magnetic flux present inside the alternator, and electricity is generated. This electrical energy is fed to rectifiers that convert alternating (time varying) voltage at the alternator to constant (DC) voltage required to charge the battery. Figure 1 represents the car generator structure and the circuit for charging the battery.
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